Combined hydraulic engine and pump



Patented Apr. I8, 1899. E. H. WEATHERHEAD. COMBINED HYDRAULIC ENGINE ANDPUMP.

(Application filed May is, 1898.)

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No. 623,297. Patented Apr. [8, I899.- E. H. WEATHERHEAD.

COMBINED HYDRAULIC ENGINE AND PUMP.

(Application filed May 13, 1898,) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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COMBINED HYDRAULIC ENGINE AND PUMP.

(Application filed May 13, 18981,

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lhviTnn STATES PATENT Erica.

EDIVARD H. IVEATHERHEAD, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

COMBINED HYDRAULIC ENGINE AND PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 623,297, dated April18, 1899.

Application filed May 13, 1898. Serial No. 680,603. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD H. WEATH- ERHEAD, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Cleveland, in the county'of Guyahoga and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a CombinedHydraulic Engine and Pump; and I do declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the invention,which will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to a combined hydraulic engine and pump; and theinvention consists particularly in an engine and pump which, as hereshown, are united in one structure and adapted to be connected up with aservice-pipe or source of water-supply in cities and to runautomatically and continuously as long as the pressure is on. However,the engine or motor portion of the structure is not necessarily limitedto use with a pump, as hereinafter fully described.

In many towns and cities the water supplied through the mains isundesirable for any domestic or family use and in others it isundesirable for particular uses. For example, in some cities the citywater is so heavily impregnated with lime that it is unsuited for anykind of washing. In others the city water is undesirable for drinking orcooking. In all such and kindred cases there is a growing demand forpumps which can be coupled up with the city water-supply and used as amedium for forcing cistern, spring, or well water into the service-pipesthroughout the building or into a tank or reservoir from which thebuilding can be supplied. I am of course aware that this is not anewly-discovered need and that a great many pumps have been invented andmade which have for their object to supply this need; but I am alsoaware that comparatively few of all the pumps designed for this purposehave been able to withstand practical tests and enter the market ontheir merit, so that after all it remains true that it is stilldifficult for the public to find a thoroughly good hydraulic pump suitedto this service and where my new and improved pump is doing its work.

Having reference now to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plainelevation of my pump. Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectional elevationthereof, showing the parts in one position; and Fig. 3 is a similar viewshowing the parts in the opposite position, as hereinafter described,but Fig. 3 is enlarged over Fig. 2 and the upper portion of the pump isremoved. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional elevation on line 5 5, Fig. 5,of the lower portion of the upper part of the pump, not shown in Fig. 3,but shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is acrosssection of Fig. 4 on line 4 at.

From the foregoing views it will be seen that the engine proper or motorisin the lower section or part of the apparatus, while the pump properis in the upper part thereof, and for convenience this separation willbe observed in the further description of the invention.

A represents the entire outer casing of the apparatus, but-forconvenience of manufacture and the introduction .of the operating partsis made in two principal sections A and A and a base A on which theentire structure rests. \Vithin the lower section are the piston B, thevalve 0, of the same size as said piston, and the smaller valve G, allrigidly connected together by neck E. This neckE is open at its lowerend, so as to afford communication with the space immediately beneathpiston C, and is closed near its middle and top portions by packingagainst tube F.

The pressure-fluid-inlet passage or port 2 is between the two valves 0and G. The interior of the casing A is differential in itsbearing-surfaces to conform to the size of said valves and piston, andthese members being all rigidly connected together have all theirstrokes or movements in unison and more or less in mutual dependence oneon the other.

Fluid-spaces are shown on opposite sides of both pistonB and of thevalves 0 and G, the space a between the piston 13 and valve 0, the spaceZ) between the upper valve 0 and valve G, the space 0 above valve G, andthe space d below piston B. The power-pressure-inlet port 2 communicatesdirectly and always with space I), and the length of the neck comingbetween valve 0 and valve G is sufficient to enable this to occur.

The exhaust or outlet port 3 from the engine is in open communicationwith the fluid- ICO - performs an important part.

spaces CL and c at all times and at given times with the openings 4.(Shown below valve in Fig. 2 and which are above said valvein Fig. 8.)The valve 0 therefore crosses these openings 4 in its back-and-forthmovements, leaving them first on one side for water-supply and then onthe other for water-exhaust. This open communication through openings atwith the exhaust-port occurs every time the piston and valves reach thelimit of their upward stroke, as seen in Fig. 2. Another series ofopenings 5 and annular belt (3 is in the wall of the casing traversed byvalve G, and these at certain times communicate with the fluidspace 0above the said valve, as in Fig. 3, and at other times with the space I)beneath said valve, according to the positions of the parts, ashereinafter described.

The piston 13 and valves 0 and G all have more or less part in changingin their own movementsto control the direction of the flow of the motivefluid as one or another is under the direct pressure of said fluid, andtheir reversal is partly effected through the auxiliary-valve tube F, asalso will hereinafter more fully appear. These parts also control pistonH, which works in the cylindrical upper portion of the easing-section Aand is double-acting, as the fluid comes first on one side and then onthe other. hen in position as seen in Fig. 2, the motive fluid entersbeneath said piston from fluid-pressure space 1) through holes 5 andduct 7 and forces the piston upward. When the piston reaches the end ofits upward stroke, the parts are in position as in Fig. 3 and theoperation is reversed, and the motive fluid now finds inlet throughholes 4 to outer duct 8 and thence to the space above piston H, causingit to travel downward. In either case the present fluid-pressLire-supplychannel has just been the exhaust-channel for the spent fluid, and inthis respect said channels-alternate. This is seen in Fig. 3, where theholes 5 are exhausting the fluid from beneath piston H, whereas a momentbefore they were passing said fluid in the opposite direction for power,and the same result is seen in Fig. 2 with respect to the channel 8 andholes 4, which are now exhausting the fluid from above piston H. This isaccounted for by the fact that as said piston approaches the limits ofits strokes up and down the valve and piston mechanism which controlsthe direction of flow of the motive fluid are also doing their appointedwork and reversing the direction of flow and of exhaust. In thisoperation of piston B and valves 0 and G the auxiliary-valve tube F Thistube has a limited rectilinear movement in its packing 7L h 7L2 at theterminations of the open spaces g and g about the same within the neckE, and two sets of openings 9 and 10, through which and the interior ofsaid tube communication is eifected with the fluid-space (Z beneathpiston B.

As seen in Fig. 2, the upper series of holes 10 are in position toreceive the fluid-pressure directly from inlet-port 2 and to convey thesame down beneath piston B through the center of the tube andoutlet-holes 9. This balances piston B andvalve C and gives the pressureagainst valve G opportunity to act and raise the said valves and thepiston, as has been done and is shown in Fig. 2. On the other hand, whenthe operation is reversed the fluid is exhausted from space (I upwardthrough tube F and out through holes 10 into the space 0 and thence out.

A peculiarity of the construction of the base A is shown, which is ofmaterial consequence in this case. It will be noticed that the lower endof tube F at no time leaves the well 12, which is packed at 7L2 againstsaid tube, and that said well has an outlet-duct 13 to the exhaustTherefore at no time is there any fluid-pressure endwise against thelower end of said tube F. This is important, because such pressure wouldreverse the tube at the wrong times and defeat the action of the engine.Such untimely reversal is impossible with my present construction.

It has been noted that the power-piston H is cut off from the motivefluid except through holes or passages 4 and 5 and ducts 7 and S, whichare supply and exhaust ducts and passages alternately, as beforedescribed, and the direction of flow in these is governed by piston Band valves 0 and G.

Now referring to Fig. 2, we see one application and use of the engine ormotor shown in the lower section of the apparatus. Here we have the pumpportion proper of the structure, comprising the cylinder 20, the pistonL, working therein, and the tubular shaft M, connecting said piston withpower-piston 11, through the closely-packed diaphragm 21 at the top oflower casing-section A.

The pump,like the engine, is double-acting, and to this end has fourvalves 22, 23, 2 L, and 25 and ducts or passages 26 and 27 anda commonoutlet 28 for the water and inlet 29. The operation is as follows:Having the piston L in position as seen in Fig. 2 and the piston H todrive it upward, the water above piston L is forced forward throughvalve 25 and out at 28 and at the same time the suction causes thecylinder 20 to fill behind said IIO piston through passage controlled byvalve 22. Then said piston having reached the end of its stroke andbegun the descent by the reverse action and power of piston H the waterbeneath the same will be forced up through channel 27, past valve 23,and out at 28, while a fresh supply is being received above piston Lthrough channel 26 by valve 24. This operation is then again alternatedas the piston L reverses, and so on.

It will be observed in Figs. 2 and 3 that the shaft M, connectingpistons H and L, is not only tubular, but that the rod P, which isconnected to the tube F, extends into the same and operates therein,-sothat when the said pistons descend the said rod 1? and the tube F standstill until pressed downward by the shaft M, and then'remain down untilthey are again drawn upward. The changing of position of tube F precedesthe movements of the piston 13 and valves 0 and G, and the tube Fdepends for its movements on the positions of piston H and the shaft M.All the movements cooperate, however, and the action of the apparatus isautomatic and exceedingly satisfactory by reason of its high efliciencyand its quiet operation.

What I claim is 1; In an apparatus substantially as described, the maincasing comprising the base having a well in its bottom and an openpassage therefrom to the exhaust-port, in combination with the pistonand valves in said casing and the auxiliary valve extending through saidpiston and valves and having its lower end projected into said well, andpacking about said tube to prevent the motive fluid from reaching andpressing against the extremity of said auxiliary valve, substantially asdescribed.

2. The main casing having inlet and exhaust ports and a well in itsbottom, and an open passage from said well to the exhaustport, incombination with the valve and pis ton mechanism in the casing and anauxiliaryvalve tube extending into said well and packing at the entranceto the well to prevent the fluid escaping about the tube, substantiallyas described.

3. The combination of the main casing hav ing a well in its bottom andan outlet therefrom to the exhaust, in combination with the valves andpistons in the casing, a connecting-tube rigidly uniting two of saidpistons, 11 and L,the auxiliary-valve tube and a rod thereon working insaid connecting-tube, the said auxiliary-valve tube having its lower endpacked to operate in the said well in the bottom of the casing, wherebythe said auxiliary valve is protected from water-pressure against itsend and the said parts are caused to reverse at the appointed times andplaces, substantially as described.

itness my hand to the foregoing specification this'15th day of April,1898.

EDWARD H. \VEATHERHEAD.

Witnesses:

H. T. FISHER, R. B. MosER.

